TENDENCIES OF COMPARATIVE LITERATURE
The beginnings of comparative literature can be traced back to the mid-nineteenth century, coinciding with the rise of national movements that sought their uniqueness in various fields, especially literature. Comparative literature became a critical field, particularly with the emergence of the French school in the 1930s. Due to the diversity of critical approaches, such as structuralism, symbolism, and deconstruction, comparative literature faced various methodological challenges. Comparative literature initially adhered to methodological rules associated with the French school, later adopting principles from the German school, and eventually integrating with the American school. However, the field of comparative literature faced me thodological issues from its inception, such as the problem of influence and intertextuality within the French school. The American school attempted to address this problem by exploring the similarities between different literatures, yet methodological issues continued to persist in the field of comparative literature. This article aims to present the key trends in comparative literature and elucidate the ideas associated with each trend. It also highlights newer trends, such as narratology, the theory of contrast, and the theory of parallelism.
Keywords: Comparative Literature, Imagologie, Contrast, Parallelism, Translation